Analytical test methods for drinking water contact materials

 

European laboratory for testing in compliance with the Drinking Water Directive (DWD)

The tests required under the Drinking Water Directive are carried out in accordance with specific European standards EN, which define the test methods used to assess the performance of materials in contact with drinking water.

The main methods used include:

Organoleptic assessments

  • EN 1420 – contact tests for assessing changes in the organoleptic properties of water
  • EN 1622 – determination of odour and flavour in water (TON – Threshold Odour Number, TFN – Threshold Flavour Number)

Physico-chemical parameters

  • EN 7887 – determination of water colour
  • EN 7027 – determination of turbidity

Migration testing from materials

  • EN 12873-1 / EN 12873-2 – migration testing of organic materials and components

Determination of organic carbon

  • EN 1484 – determination of Total Organic Carbon (TOC)

Screening for unexpected substances

  • EN 15768 – identification of unexpected substances by GC-MS

Specific testing for metallic materials

  • EN 16058 – testing of metal release from taps and metallic components

Assessment of microbial growth

  • EN 16421 – assessment of enhanced microbial growth on materials

The Comie laboratory is accredited to perform all these test methods, ensuring full coverage of the analytical requirements established by European legislation for drinking water contact materials.

Tests required for different types of materials

The tests to be performed vary depending on the type of material used in the product:

  • organic materials (plastics, elastomers)
  • metallic materials
  • cementitious materials
  • enamels and ceramic materials

The following table provides a detailed overview of the test methods applicable to the different material categories covered by European legislation.

 

Criteria

Contact Test

Test Method

Organic Metal Cement

Glazes and Ceramic Materials

Odour and Taste

(TON/TFN)

EN 1420

 

EN 1622 X X
Colour  EN 1420 EN 7887 X X
Turbidity EN 1420 EN 7027 X X
Total organic carbon leaching EN 12873-1 EN 12873-2 EN 1484 X X
Surface residues (metals) EN 16057
EN 16058
X
Maximum tolerated concentration (MTC) EN 12873-1
EN 12873-2
Analisi o modello di calcolo X X X
Unexpected substances (GCMS) EN 12873-1
EN 12873-2
EN 15768 X X
Increased microbial growth EN 16421 EN 16421 X X

Classification of organic materials and risk groups

For organic materials, the legislation provides for the classification of products and components into risk groups (RG).

The classification is carried out using a conversion factor (CF) specified in Table 5 of the fourth act under the Drinking Water Directive.

The conversion factor makes it possible to estimate, based on migration test results, the expected concentration of substances released into drinking water.

Depending on the conversion factor value, the product is assigned to a specific risk group, as defined in Table 1 of the fourth act of the legislation.

This classification determines:

  • which tests must be performed
  • whether testing must be carried out on the finished product, the component, or material test specimens

    Role of certification bodies

    The definition of the required testing programme is managed by the certification body responsible for conformity assessment.

    In the case of metallic materials, in addition to verifying the alloy composition, further testing may be required if the surface structure of the material has been modified.

    This may occur, for example, in the presence of:

    • welds
    • electroplated coatings
    • heat treatments
    • surface coatings

    In these cases, release testing for relevant substances is required in order to verify that the material does not release contaminants into drinking water.

    Accredited laboratories for Drinking Water Directive testing

    The tests required under European legislation must be performed by laboratories accredited in accordance with EN ISO/IEC 17025:2017.

    The Comie laboratory is accredited for all the analytical methods required by Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2024/368, enabling manufacturers to carry out the entire testing programme required for the conformity of drinking water contact materials at a single laboratory.

    Support for manufacturers

    Comie supports manufacturers in:

    • defining the testing programme
    • performing migration tests
    • interpreting analytical results
    • providing technical support throughout the certification process for drinking water contact materials

    Applications of testing for drinking water contact materials

    Materials used in drinking water distribution systems must undergo specific testing to verify that they do not release undesirable substances or adversely affect the quality of water intended for human consumption.

    European laboratory for testing in compliance with the Drinking Water Directive (DWD)

    The Comie laboratory supports manufacturers of components and materials intended for contact with drinking waterby carrying out migration testing and release testing in compliance with regulatory requirements

    Certification of materials in contact with drinking water under European legislation

    Since the 1980s, the European Union has been working towards the harmonisation of legislation governing materials and products intended for contact with drinking water. This process is now framed by Directive EU 2020/2184 of 16 December 2020.